Here are the opinions of our Digital Natives. Listen and see what you think.
Grade 3/4 Interviews
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-1grade-3-4
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/grade-3-4-social-interview-1
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-2-grade-3-4
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/grade-3-4-social-interview-2
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-3-grade-3-4
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/grade-3-4-social-interview-3
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-4-grade-3-4
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-5-grade-3-4
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-6-grade-3-4
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-7-grade-3-4
Grade 5 & 6 Interviews
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/grade-5-interview-1
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/grade-5-interview-2
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/grade-6-interview-3
High School Interviews
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/highschool-interview1
1st Year Post-Secondary Interviews
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/post-secondary-interview-1
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/post-secondary-interview-2
22 Year-old Interview
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/interview-1-22year-old
Follow-Up Interviews
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/highschool-post
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/post-interview2
http://soundcloud.com/surriayia/22-year-old-interview-2
Louise Snidal
Friday, 22 June 2012
Saturday, 2 June 2012
Our Evolving Education System
I have just completed Rethinking Education in the Age of
Technology by Allan Collins and Richard Halverson (2009) and it put things
into perspective for me around the issue of technology in the schools. I have had many thoughts, questions and
opinions around this topic but have not been able to organize my thoughts around
it until this book. This book does a
nice job in describing the debate between the “technology enthusiasts” and the
“technology skeptics”, it provides the historical background of the revolution
in education where we have moved from an apprenticeship-based system to a
school-based system and are now entering into an era of lifelong learning.
The first era is the
Apprenticeship Era which occurred before the 19th century. Here,
parents decided what their children would learn. Boys were trained by their father or close
relative and the girls were taught by the mothers. Each parent would decide what they felt was
necessary for the children to learn.
Most learning happened through observation, imitation and guided
practice and children followed in their parents footsteps of learning practical
skills to make a living.
The second era is the Public
Schooling Era that was brought on by the Industrial Revolution. This began at the turn of the 19th
century. During this era educating
children transferred from family to state.
With so many immigrants that came to the country and the widespread of
uneducated children had people like Horace Mann promoting that all children
should be in school and receive the same education so they could be contributing
members of society. One of the goals of
this era was to have social cohesiveness; hence the public school system was
born. This model of for the education
system worked for many years and now is being challenged because of current
research on multiple intelligences as well as the advent of the Digital
Revolution.
The third era is the
Lifelong Learning Era that we are embarking on now. The shift of education is switching back to
the parents for the younger children and to the individual from middle school
all the way to adulthood where these individuals can customize their education
based on their needs, abilities and interest. Students no longer are willing to
except what educators deem as a good education but rather want to steer their
own ship as 21st century learners.
With the Internet at everyone’s fingertips, the world and all its
knowledge is accessible to everyone. No
longer is memorizing facts applicable or practical. Learning how to learn, being able to find
useful resources, problem solving and different forms of communication seems to
be the important skills that will assist the 21st century learner.
Although I agree that a
change needs to happen in our school setting, I do not know how that change is
to occur. I have many questions on how are
we going to be able to change this blanket type education model that we are
following now to cater to the needs of our 21st century
learner? How are we going to be able to
provide an equitable education to all
students when the cost of digital
equipment is more than a public school system can afford? I am in favor of students having a choice in
what they learn and but I question if students have enough information to make
an informed decision of what their education would look like?
I can just imagine what
would happen in my classroom if this choice was given. Let’s say for instance that I had access to
all types of digital devices and gaming software and told my students at the
beginning of the year that they would have to decide what they wanted to learn
and also could decide how they were going to learn and I sat back and simply
facilitated, I am sorry to say that I don’t think a lot of academic learning
would occur. I don’t believe that my
students would be able to use the digital devices as learning tools, but rather
would see them as entertainment and a distraction from schooling.
I believe that teachers need
not be experts in the school but should take on the role as the
facilitator. I do also believe that it
is our responsibility to guide our students into this digital age with their
eyes wide open to both the positive and negative side of technology as well as
the ethical and responsible use of it.
There is no question that we
have entered another revolution in the education system and in my opinion it is
about time. We need to change with the
times. However, I do not believe that to
be successful in this lifelong learning era, that we need to abandon everything
we have learnt from the preceding eras as there was much wisdom that emerged from them.
Monday, 28 May 2012
The Social Implications of Technology
The second area that I would
like to explore is the social implications of technology with our Digital
Natives. Authors, Sherry Turkle (Alone
Together), Gary Small (iBrain), John Palfrey & Urs Gasser (Digital Born)
all agree that indeed there are social implications for our hyperconnected
Digital Natives. The three areas that concern me the most are: loss of face-to-face communication and social
skills, cyberbullying and the loss of privacy.
Turkle, Small, Palfrey and
Gasser all agree that our hyperconnected Digital Natives have the potential to
be socially awkward and not possess ability to read facial expressions and subtle
gesture. Much miscommunication can occur
amongst our Digital Natives. Small sums
it up when he states: “Imagine how the continued slipping of social skills
might affect and an international summit meeting ten years from now when a
misread facial cue or a misunderstood gesture could make the difference between
escalating military conflict or peace” (p.2). Our students are tomorrow’s
leaders so this is a real possibility.
This ties in with Turkles’ idea of the human elements (body language,
facial expression and intonation etc.) that separates humans from the
robots. So, my question is, if our
Digital Natives are continually hyperconnected, how long will it take for them
to resemble robots more than humans. I
know this sounds far fetched, but if we do not intervene and educate our Digital
Natives now on the importance of face-to-face communication and socialization,
how far is this notion really?
Cyberbullying is growing
problem amongst our Digital Natives. I
have witnessed this type of bullying occurring in young grade three students
and the idea of this escalating as these students grow older if they are not
stopped and educated is alarming. The
above authors agree that the anonymity the Internet provides a person enables
them to behave in ways that they may not necessarily do if they were
face-to-face with that person. Our young Digital Natives whose frontal lobes
(decision making, empathy etc.) of their brain are not yet fully developed may
not necessary understand the implication of their behaviour and that it is
bullying. Some may say that young brains
should not be overloaded with technology.
I believe that abstaining from technology is not realistic and instead
we should educate our young Digital Natives on the ethics and responsibilities
of the Internet user.
Today’s students may not
understand what the essence of privacy as many of them are growing up in the
most public domain…the Internet. They don’t know understand the ramifications
of posting their personal information on the Net until it may be too late such
as when they are trying to find a job.
The above mentioned authors including Don Tapscott author of Grown Up Digital (2009) are in agreement
that much needed educating needs to happen for our Digital Natives. They need
to be exposed to what real privacy is.
They need to be educated on how to maintain their privacy and finally,
they need to know that privacy is a right and one they should strive for. In our digital world the emphasis is on
sharing everything from files, music, pictures, minute to minute happenings,
but it doesn’t have to be that way. Our
Natives don’t have to be continually connected or in Turkles’ words “always on”
and they certainly do not have to share intimate details of their life. They need to be taught that it is ok to keep
personal information to themselves and that they have a right to their privacy.
I have also read Don
Tapscott author of Grown Up Digital
(2009) and he has a very different view of the functionality of our Digital
Natives and to sum it up, feels we should embrace the digital way of life and
learn from our Natives as they by far are the most intelligent generation
yet. I am not in agreement with
him. I like Turkle believe that our digital
world is in its infancy stage and we as a society need to learn to moderate our
digital use and learn to use and respect technology for being a tool. Turkle, Small, Palfrey and Gasser all agree
that both the Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants can learn from each
other. The Digital Native can teach the
Digital Immigrants how to be tech-savvy and the Digital Immigrants can teach the
Digital Natives face-to-face communication and social skills and lengthening
attention spans. To me, this is a
win-win relationship.
Friday, 25 May 2012
The Physiological Impact of Technology
I
just finished reading iBrain by Dr. Gary Small and I want to discuss further
the neurological impact of technology on our youth. We all know that the youth dominate in the
digital world in using the Internet and other digital devices, but what is
happening to the brain during this time.
The advancement of technology is inevitable and it would be naïve to
think that we could ever go back to a pre-digital world and many of us would
not want to. In my last post I discussed
how Turkle said that we are in the infancy of the digital age and that we don’t
yet understand the future implications of technology. Neuroscientist Dr. Gary Small supplies some
hard evidence on the physiological impact of technology on the human brain and
some of the findings are frightening to me.
The
first thing that really caught my attention was on page 5 where Small discusses
that it took over a millennia for the human brain to evolve to the point that
it is at now, yet with the onset of technology evolutionary brain changes are
occurring over mere decades.
As in my previous post on Hyperconnectedness, Small is able to
provide evidence that our brains cannot function efficiently with too much
information. Referring to research
studies of the past that revealed that being exposed to just an hour a day of
computer exposure was causing our brain to be overstimulated, he begs the
question “…what happens when we spend more time? What about the brains of young people, whose
neural circuitry is even more malleable and plastic? What happens to their brains when they spend
their average eight hours daily with their high-tech toys and devices (p.17).”
It is a known fact that most
of our youth use their devices in excess, so I am wondering if in schools we
should be focusing on teaching safe use of technology rather than inundating
students with more technology in the schools.
I am not suggesting that technology be banned from schools, but rather
balance the amount of technology used both during and after schools. I do think that this could work as “Thinking
Green” has recently taken off in schools recently. Students are taking what they learn in schools
about being environmentally friendly and applying it in their personal lives. Likewise,
this could also be the same with Safe use
of Technology.
Both Turkle and Small agree
that there are benefits of our new digital world from the convenience that we
gain, to altering our neural networks that sharpens some cognitive abilities
such as quicker response to visual stimuli and improving attention span to name
a few. The point I believe they are
making is that technology being used as a tool is a great benefit, but the
overuse of it can a detriment to humanity.
Technology can become an
addiction and as addictions goes, it impacts all areas of a person’s life. We are already seeing the impact Hyperconnectedness have on our
youth. More children are obese than they
ever have been before. Our youth would
rather be connected to a digital device than play outside, or be a part of
nature. Small points out that if
children are exposed to technology at an early age when their brains are still
so sensitive and malleable, then it can have a lasting effect on their neural
pathways that can lead to addiction, short attention spans, anxiety,
depression, lack of social skills and much more. Is this what we want for our youth? My answer is no and the more I read in on this
topic, the more convinced I am that we as a society need to do something
before this becomes something we can’t
contain.
Sprenger, Turke and Small
all want parents and educators to realise that we don’t have to give in to the
frenzy that technology brings about, but with proper education in the area, our
youth can live in balance with technology.
I don’t think the education world should take issue lightly, but rather
look to those who have research in the area and let them guide us through this
Digital world.
Saturday, 12 May 2012
Hyperconnectedness & its Physiological Impact
After reading Alone Together
by Sherry Turkle, I have many questions that I am seeking answers to. My first wondering is if our young generation
is so caught up in the digital world and are constantly connected, is it a good
idea to have them constantly connected in the classroom also? What are the physiological, social and
emotional, and finally the educational impact on the students? It is these
categories that I am attempting to find research on. This post will discuss technology and the
physiological impact on our digital natives.
In Marilee Sprenger’s
journal article entitled “Focusing the
Digital Brain” (2009) states that we need to be aware of the problems that the
digital brain poses and the demands of the 21st century on our
student learners’. She further states:
“We adults’ must help all students assimilate technology into their lives in a
way that will enhance—not eclipse—skills like sustained thinking and connecting
to fellow humans”. This comment really
hits home with me. I believe that this
is the fine line that l am trying to understand. Sprenger brings up the point of multitasking
and how it cannot be done effectively as the brain is able to only do one thing
at a time. The connectedness that our students are craving and the work that is
required of them uses the same part of the brain and their solution is to
multitask and neither job is done thoroughly.
She continues on and states that this hyperconnectedness causes stress
and the release of adrenaline and cortisol which affects a person’s immune
system; cognitive functioning and can cause depression in the digital natives. This thought was also echoed in Turkes’ Alone
Together book.
In chapter 3 of Gary Small’s
book iBrain entitled “Addicted to Technology”,’ points out that the same part
of the brain that is triggered when a person is using drugs, alcohol or any
other addictive substances, is the same part of the brain that has people
craving their digital devices and the high they get from using it. Students’ constant need to be connected is
developing new neural pathways in the brain strengthening the right side of the
brain that deals with creativity and weakening other parts of the brain that is
not being used as often such as the left brain which deals with functions such
as logic, critical thinking and language.
Lynn Helding’s 2011 journal
article: “Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants: Teaching and Learning in the
Digital Age” examines the cognitive function of the digital native and the
“shattering of attention spans”. She
also makes known the definition of a new coined term of “learned attention
deficit disorder” which simply is heavy use of technology is causing ADD or
ADHD in people who do not have a predisposition for it. This ties in with Smalls’ notion of addiction
of technology and needing the information more often and faster.
This makes me nervous as an
educator. If studies are indicating that
overuse of technology is detrimental to our digital natives, it only seems
logical that we should be spending more time in schools teaching students on
the proper use of technology and the proper amount of time spent on it, yet
none of this is happening. Turkle states
that it’s too early to know the full effect of the impact that technology will
have on us as it is in its infancy stage, however, she continues to say that we
have a vast amount of information on child development, brain research and
social behaviour and we should use that information to guide us through our new
digital world. I like her way of thinking.
We don’t need to wait years to see what will happen, we need to pace
ourselves now and aim for balance.
Wednesday, 2 May 2012
Connected Kids
I finished Turkles’ book “Alone Together” and there are many parts to it that I do not want to believe. I do not want to believe that children crave robotic toys, much less connect with them as their “children” that they must care for. I do not want to believe that adults would crave the same from sociable robots because they do not have that confidence to find human companionship. I for certain do not want to believe that we have become a race where we would leave our elderly in the care of robots so we are free from the responsibility. I agree with Turkle when she states “I understand the virtues of partnerships with a robot in war, space and medicine. I understand that robots are useful in dangerous working conditions. But why are we so keen on ‘caring’? To me, it seems transgressive, a ‘forbidden experiment.’
All that I have discussed is not what bothers me the most. What bothers me the most is the simulated and networked life that our children are growing up in and probably feel that it is “real life.” Turkles’ chapter titles in the second part of her book say it all. In our present digital world, our children are Always On. They are constantly on Facebook, tweeting and messaging each other often. Turkle recorded that the communication between teenagers could be as high as 8 – 10, 000 texts a month! With this many texts, one will definitely be Growing Up Tethered. With demands of that many texts teens and the “high” they get from receiving these texts has them cutting off one person to talk to the next. Communication has turned from something that should be natural to one that is demanding and often causing anxiety in our teens. For this reason, teens feel that there is No Need To Call. The teens that participated in Turkles’ study discussed their anxiety when having to make a call or receive a call. They would rather have digital written communication where they had time to think about what they wanted to say or how they wanted to appear.
I am wondering what kind of adults these teens are going to grow up to be. Though these teens are seeking privacy from their parents, tend to post personal aspects of their life on the internet and don’t realize that have placed it on the most public domain. If they do realize how public the internet is, then they feel that it’s just a part of life to “stalk” someone on Facebook or have pictures of themselves posted on the Net without their permission. Often, cyberbullying is happening because of the anonymity of the Net.
These teens are growing up not knowing what it means to have a meaningful conversation to completion. They do not understand the true meaning of privacy and finally they need to learn to filter what they put on the Net with the understanding that they may be doing harm to themselves or someone else. My hope is to find more research on these issues and explore it further. Stay Tuned!
Sunday, 22 April 2012
What Role does Technology play with our Digital Natives?
I have begun to read Sherry Turkles' "Alone Together" and although I have had some discussions about robots, humans and their relationships, I am wondering about the pros and cons of robots as sociable companions? I do not think that we as a society are ready to take on this evolution. In the first part of this book, Sherry Turkle discusses that even though she is the researcher of robots, she can't help herself from craving the attention on a robot when she encounters one. I wonder if she as an intelligent adult is not able to separate machine from human though it may be for simply short seconds; then how are we asking children to differentiate between digital toys and and real living things. I was shocked at the length that children would go to keep their Furby's alive (not remove the batteries). I was even more surprised to see how parents played into their demands.
Turkle describes the captivation that people have towards anything that interacts as with them; she describes it as the human part of us that we can't deny. Although we know the human limitations of robots, we try to fill in the blanks by responding to the robot where it is unable to. She calls this the Eliza Effect. We take the robotic behaviours and ascribe it human qualities. Humans are social animals and crave social interactions. Although Turkle is aware of this, she can't help but wonder if we are asking too much from robots and not demanding enough from our human counterparts? I am wondering the same.
As an educator, I am trying to understand what role digital devices are playing in the cognitive and social development of children? I do understand that digital devices are here to stay and I am not promoting that we should do away with them, however, I do want to investigate the impact of these devices on our Digital Natives. Although I have only read the first section of Turkles' book that deals with robotics and have yet to get to social implications of technology on our young children and young adults, I can't help but feel that others may also feel that we are embracing the use of devices too quickly and without caution. It is through further research into journals articles as well as completing Turkles' "Alone Together" book this week that I hope to have a better understanding to the answers that I am seeking.
Here's to digging in deep!
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